Thoughts of a Predicate Felon free essay sample

Being a supporter of everything G-Unit, I couldnt wait to see what Tony Yayo, the member recently released from jail, had in store for me with this album. When I placed the disk into my CD player, I figured I was in for some real G-Unit-style heat. I was wrong. I ended up flipping through the tracks barely finding one I was willing to listen to more than once. I am convinced that Tony Yayos flow is the weakest of all of G-Unit. In fact, I dont even think he should still be in G-Unit, unless he can come up with a better CD. Dont get me wrong, there are a few decent tracks here, but not enough to make it good overall. For the most part, Yayos lyrics dont flow and arent as good as those of 50 Cent, Young Buck, or Lloyd Banks. We will write a custom essay sample on Thoughts of a Predicate Felon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Most of his decent tracks feature Eminem, 50 Cent, and Olivia, and these guests rap better than Yayo. Overall, this CD is a waste of money. My advice is to either buy a different one or download â€Å"Drama Setter† and â€Å"So Seductive.† Other than that, this is a piece of junk and doesnt belong in anyones stereo. I just hope that Yayo can pull through in his next album, or Ill wonder why G-Unit keeps him.

Free Essays on Abelard And Heloise

of our love than of our reading passed between us, and more kissing than teaching. (Radice 67). Later Heloise became pregnant and Abelard could not successfully sidestep the rules of the society because the society of a time just wouldn’t accept a premarital sexual affair. I believe Abelard and Heloise got engaged in the first â€Å"mod... Free Essays on Abelard And Heloise Free Essays on Abelard And Heloise The twelfth century was divided into two phases: Early Middle Ages or Dark Ages and the High Middle Ages. It’s during the High Middle Ages when things started to take a turn both mentally and physically. Churches developed more stamina and papal bureaucracy was created. The government was revived. Urbanization increased and most of all a sudden increase was brought in cultural revitalization and courtly love was an important aspect of this awakening. Courtly love is defined as humility, courtesy, adultery and religion of love. This is what I believe Abelard’s and Heloise’s relationship was based on in Abelard’s Historia Calamitatum and his letters to Heloise. Abelard was a well-known figure of the twelfth century that taught dialectic philosophy. Abelard was in his late thirties when he first met Heloise in Paris. And it was her knowledge and gift for writing letters, which was so rare in women at the times that attracted Abelard to her. Heloise was the ni ece of one of the Cannons. She was about seventeen when she met Abelard; this was not considered a big deal for back then it was pretty common to have big age difference in marriages. Heloise was considered a typical because women were rarely educated at all back then. She was strong willed and she had a pretty good sense of logic and this is what brought them together. Heloise struck a deal with Heloise’s uncle to educate her and gained full access to her pleasures. Their relationship encompassed the maximum in personal freedom. â€Å"Her studies allowed us to withdraw in private, as love desired and then with our books open before us, more words of our love than of our reading passed between us, and more kissing than teaching. (Radice 67). Later Heloise became pregnant and Abelard could not successfully sidestep the rules of the society because the society of a time just wouldn’t accept a premarital sexual affair. I believe Abelard and Heloise got engaged in the fir st â€Å"mod...

Cache coherence Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Cache coherence - Term Paper Example The problem of cache coherence in hardware is reduced in today’s microprocessors through the implementation of various cache coherence protocols. This article reviews literature on cache coherence with particular attention to cache coherence problem, and the protocols-both hardware and software that have been proposed to solve it. Most importantly, it identifies a specific problem associated with cache coherence and proposes a novel solution. Keywords: microprocessor, latency, cache coherence, bandwidth, multiprocessor, cache coherence protocol, shared memory, multicore processor I. Introduction Currently, there is undeniable interest in the computer architecture domain with regard to shared-memory multiprocessors. Often, proposed multiprocessor designs include a reserved cache for each processor within the system. This, in turn, results in the cache coherence problem (Cheng, Carter, & Dai, 2007). This situation, in which several caches are allowed to have simultaneous copies of a certain memory location, requires that a certain memory location be in place. This is to make sure that when the contents of that particular memory location are changed, there needs to be a mechanism that ensures all copies remain unchanged. Consequently, some systems employ a software mechanism to ensure multiple copies do not occur. This it achieved by labeling shared blocks so that they are not cached (Chang & Sohi, 2006). Additionally, task data in all caches are prohibited or restricted from migration. Alternatively, all blocks may be allowed to be cached by all processors and to depend on a cache coherence protocol to be responsible of ensuring that there is consistency. Various such protocols have been proposed, designed and/or described with some ideal for shared-bus and others specifically suitable for a general-purpose interconnection network. There is a substantial difference between shared-bus protocols and general network protocols. Firstly, share-bus protocols dep end on every cache controller monitoring the bus transactions of all the other processors within the system and take appropriate action to ensure consistency is maintained. Secondly, each block’s state within the system is encoded in a distributed manner among all other cache controllers. As such, the cache controllers are able to monitor the traffic of the bus for the purposes of coherence; these are referred to as snooping cache controllers (Kurian et al., 2010). Recently, many studies and researches have been conducted and have mainly focused on shared-memory multiprocessors. They are common mainly because of their simple programming model, which means that they are simple to implement. Normally, address space is shared among all multiprocessors. This enables them to communicate to one another via a solitary address space. As had been earlier noted, a system with cache coherence results in the event that there is same cache block within multiple caches (Stenstrom, 1990). W hen such a scenario occurs, it does not affect the read process; however, in the event that a processor, for writes, writes to a single location, the resulting change must be updated to all caches. Therefore, cache coherence, according to (Archibald & Baer, 1986), refers to all caches having consistence data in the event of data write.

A review of an existing IR system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

A review of an existing IR system - Essay Example What is more, the researcher acknowledges that each of the different information retrieval systems available have its own strengths and weaknesses, which make their use in certain context inappropriate as against other forms of use. With this in mind, the report will seek to critically describe, by coming out with a detailed descriptive account of a selected information retrieval system, which will become a basis for users of the report to make decisions on the information retrieval system. The description shall be done in accordance with how the system allows for specific information retrieval tasks to be performed. Thereafter, findings from the study shall be outlined, which shall mainly dwell on the strengths, weaknesses and areas of improvement for the selected information retrieval system. Finally, there is a realization that for every information retrieval to take place there must be a corresponding information source, which leads to the next topic of this discussion. Introduct ion to Information Retrieval and selected IR system The internet continues to dominate as an important tool in the search, retrieval and storage of information. Indeed, with the coming of the internet, there is now a centralized whole-point where almost every kind of information and data can be found (Ando and Tong, 2005a). This has been made possible because of the easily accessible nature of the internet where everyone can stay and live in the comfort of his home and input pieces of information online. Commonly, the same form of information exists online and from several sources that, when a person wants to make use of a particular line of information, the options available to choose from are more than required. Apart from the numerous natures of available options, there is also an issue with the differences with information source quality, where some sources of information can be proven to be more reliable, authentic and valid than others (van Rijsbergen, 2009). Han and George (2 000) has explained information retrieval as a conscious activity that is aimed at obtaining information resources that are highly relevant to a person’s information need from available information sources. This definition indeed gives a very broad overview of the concept of information retrieval and explains it even further. In the first place, it would be noted that information retrieval does not take place as an accidental process but as an intential process, and thus the use of the word, ‘conscious’. In effect, people who perform information retrieval are people who sit before their computers and other internet media with the mind of finding something useful for further processing. Secondly, the definitions establish that information retrieval must lead to the obtaining information that is highly relevant to a searcher’s quest. In other words, information retrieval would always lead to a pool of options for the person undertaking the search. The person performing the search thus has a role to play at that point when he is presented with the pool of options and this role is to ensure that he becomes part of the search by selecting only what is most relevant to the search. Description of selected IR system This section of the report therefore deals with a description of how PubMed has developed functionalities to help support its users with their search. This is made up

Catholic Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Catholic - Research Paper Example All these enable them to say consecrated in order to experience a deeper sense of spirituality (Laurent 116). The Catholic Church sticks strictly to its rituals. An infant born to a catholic mother gets its introduction to the catholic faith and rituals at an early age. This is usually through infant baptism. A few months after birth, infants undergo baptism and receive Christian names. The catholic baptism involves washing of the head with water and not full immersion into water as other religions do (O’Grady 157). As the infants grow up, they receive stepwise introduction to the catholic belief and teachings. Before the age of ten, they are able to recite most of the common prayers and liturgies. Towards the early teenage, these children enroll in catechism classes whereby they receive a deeper teaching on all values and rituals observed during the catholic worship. It is upon their understanding and appreciation of such that they attain baptism out of their own initiative a t this age. Later, they get confirmed after more catechism classes accompanied by usual practice of what they learn. After baptism confirmation, they can now celebrate mass just like other mature catholic devotees (O’Grady 161). There is a specific order that the Christians follow in their worship. In every step of the worship, there are rituals that they observe (O’Grady 7). ... In some occasions, the priest proceeds to carry out the rite of blessing that involves sprinkling of the people with water symbolic of their baptism. In other cases, the priest may opt for the penitential rite that involves expression of guilt over their transgressions. The Kyrie, Gloria acclamations then follow on all Sundays except during lent, and advent. The liturgy of the word then follows. This involves two readings separated by a relevant responsorial psalm. After the two readings, the entire group rises up to sing the Gospel acclamation. The gospel proclamation by the priest then follows. After the gospel proclamation, a sermon follows referred to as the homily and during this time the people take their seats. After the homily, the people indulge in a profession of their faith by reciting the apostles ‘or Nicene creed. Liturgy of the Eucharist follows and this begins with presentation of gifts and then preparation of the altar (O’Grady 164). The priest prays over the gifts and then goes on to lead the Eucharistic prayer. The worshippers recite the holy acclamation, then the memorial and then the priest recites the doxology and the worshippers respond in a massive ‘Amen’. The worshippers are now ready to partake of the communion ritual. It starts with a recitation of the Lord’s Prayer followed by the sign of peace and then the breaking of bread. After breaking of the bread, they partake of the Holy Communion. After receiving of the communion, the people kneel for silent individual prayers. During the communion, relevant songs prevail and the priests lead a prayer after the communion. After this, announcements may follow and then the conclusion rite with the priest saying a prayer and wishing the people peace (O’Grady 147). The catholic calendar of

Nature And Nurture On Neural And Cognitive Development

Nature And Nurture On Neural And Cognitive Development Throughout history, an ongoing debate has taken place regarding whether the development of certain aspects of an individuals life are affected more through nature or nurture. Those that argue for nature believe that genes influence an individuals development. Those that believe in nurtures influence claim that an individuals experience has more of an effect upon an adolescents temperament. Recently, researchers have uncovered evidence that it is not only nature or nurture that influences development, but a complex combination of both. This manuscript will attempt to cover some of the factors that influence an adolescents neural, cognitive, and emotional development. The degree to which nature and nurture influence these particular aspects of an individuals life will also be discussed. Lastly, this manuscript will briefly explore the possibility of genetics and environment off setting deficiencies in the one another. Discussion Neural Development One aspect of human development that has been focused upon in research is that of neural development. During early prenatal neural development, the brain takes its initial shape as well as forms neurons which create a foundation for future neural development. To guide this development, neurons are directed either chemically or by other cells which act as signposts. This guiding allows neurons to form the distinct sections of the brain which include the hindbrain, the midbrain, and the forebrain. It is during this formation neuron specialization takes place in that like-minded cells bunch together to process certain forms of information like auditory and visual. It is still controversial amongst researchers how this specialization occurs with some researchers believing that neurons possess a protomap (Rakic, 1988) while others believe that the functions of neurons are decided by the environmental inputs received (OLeary, 1989). While most evidence found points to the latter result, th ere is still much research that needs to be performed (Broderick Blewitt, 2010). During later prenatal brain development, researchers have found that the sensory organs of the fetus have developed enough to receive and interpret information from outside of the mothers womb. One study performed found that fetuses showed recognition to a point when a familiar nursery rhyme was played for the mother carrying the fetus (Decasper, Lecaneut, Busnel, Granier-Deferre, Maugeais, 1994). In another study, researchers sewed one eye shut of several kittens at birth. Several weeks later, the researchers opened the closed eyes and found the kitten had been rendered irreversibly blind in that particular eye (Wiesel Hubel, 1965). This research provided evidence that environmental neural stimulation was important for the neurons to initiate the connections that are needed for sight which, one may assume, would be the same for hearing as well (Broderick Blewitt, 2010). After birth, researchers have found that most neural development is associated with the creation of synapses rather than the production of more neurons as well as a pruning of arbitrary neurons. This production and pruning of synapses and neurons is a result of both the introduction of chemical substances to the neurons which promote synaptic growth and the sensory information introduced to the neurons as a result of infant actions and environmental factors. As this sensory information is introduced, synapses are formed to accommodate this new information. Greenough and Black (1992) discussed how during this period, two types of synapses are created which are experience-expectant and experience-dependant. Experience-expectant synapses are synapses that are overproduced because they are synapses that have occurred regularly within the evolution of the species. It is when these synapses are not stimulated that problems such as what was discussed above with the kittens occur. The format ion of experience-dependant synapses, as the name would suggest, is dependant upon the amount of stimulation available from the experiences of the infant. Researchers have found that stimulating and complex environments have positive effects upon the growth of experience-dependant synapses in rat pups and other mammals (Kolb, Gibb, Robinson, 2003). The branching points that are left after this process are a direct result of genetics, conditions of the prenatal period, nutrition, and the infants experiences and environmental experiences after birth. Cognitive Development The next developmental area on which this manuscript shall focus is that of cognitive development. During infancy, one area researchers have focused upon is an infants ability to remember and recall. Researchers have found that infants as young as three-days-old suck harder on pacifiers when they hear their mothers voice as opposed to that of a stranger indicating a sense of recognition on the infants part (DeCasper Fifer, 1980). This recognition has been shown to improve throughout infancy. A newborns recognition period has been found to fade after a few minutes or seconds (DeCasper Spence, 1986) while, in other studies, three-month-olds have been shown to give recognition after several months (Bahrick Pickens, 1995). Likewise, recall has been shown to increase dramatically once it begins. Studies have shown that infants display recall of simple actions as early as nine months (Meltzhoff, 1988). Further studies have shown that 11-month-olds may recall simple actions for as long a s three months and 20-month-olds may recall more complex actions for as long as a year later (Bauer, 2006). Research has also been preformed on cognitive development during an individuals preschool years. One area of study included the childs understanding of numbers. For example, Antell and Keating (1983) allowed a five-month-old to watch as they placed a doll behind a screen and also as they added one additional doll. The infants displayed surprise if there was one doll present when the screen was removed while those that saw two were not. This would indicate that newborns have some knowledge of addition and subtraction. Another study by Gelman and Gallistel (1978) taught children to pick a plate with a larger number of items between two plates each with a differing quantity of items. After the researchers changed the way the items were arranged on the plate, the children expressed surprise at the change but were still able to correctly choose the plate with the larger number of items. A more recent study by Sigler and Ramani (2008) found that children who were introduced to number-based board games displayed a greater ability to correctly estimate a number on a number line than those who played games that did not include numbers. These studies give evidence for both the nature and nurture sides of the debate. Emotional Development The last developmental area focused upon within this manuscript is that of emotional development. Currently, researchers disagree upon the initial development of emotions. One argument is that an infant is born with a set of basic emotions directly related to the neural processes that are related to the emotional expression of the infant (Izard, 2004). For example, if an infant looks angry, then it is angry. In contradiction to this theory, Sroufe (1996) believes that emotions start as undifferentiated responses that develop into differentiated responses which then develop into an emotional repertoire. Sroufe argues that emotions start this way because infants lack the cognitive processes with which to assign emotional experiences. Both theories give indication of genetic origins of an individuals emotions. As emotional development continues, researchers have found that infants learn how to moderate their emotions for different situations. For example, during one study by Jahromi, Putnam, and Stifter (2004) on infants emotional responses to inoculations, the researchers observed as mothers of two-month-olds soothed their infants. The researchers found that as the infants grew older the intensity and duration of the infants crying decreased which indicates an increasing emotional control as infants grow older. The researchers believed that the change in the emotional control came about to a degree from the mothers interaction with the infant. Another study, by Tronick, Als, and Brazelton (1980), observed the exchange as mothers either responded positively or negatively towards their infants emotions. During the exchanges the mother was instructed to respond positively to the infants emotions which garnered a positive emotional reaction from the infant. The mother was then instructed to stop responding to the infant that garnered what researchers referred to as other-directed coping behaviors which are facial expressions and vocalizations designed to try and get the mother to resume their previous actions. As the mother continued this action the baby became frustrated and took part in what the researchers referred to as self-coping behaviors such as thumb sucking and rocking. This research provides evidence that an infants adult caregiver provides critical support during an infants development of emotional self regulation (Broderick Blewitt, 2010). Gene Expression When discussing human development, the question of why certain genes express themselves while others do not is, many times, brought to the forefront. Each gene is made up of alleles that a child receives from both their mother and their father. Alleles may be dominant or recessive. If an infant receives two dominant or two recessive alleles, the infant will display those characteristics. Sometimes, in the case of two dominant alleles, alleles express codominance such as in the case of a dominant Type A blood allele and dominant Type B blood allele the infant will express Type AB blood. If an infant receives one dominant and one recessive gene, the infant will display the characteristics of the dominant allele. For example, if a child receives a recessive allele for red hair from both parents, then the infant will develop red hair. If the same child had received a dominant allele for brown hair from one of the parents, the child would have developed with brown hair. This phenomenon ma y also be used to explain why certain genetic disorders express themselves when they do such as the defective recessive allele for sickle-cell anemia or the defective dominant allele for progeria (Broderick Blewitt, 2010). Nature and Nurture Off Setting One would assume that, based upon the recent evidence that development is affected by both nature and nurture, that, in certain situations, one may be used to off set a deficiency in the other. The results provided in the following studies offer evidence supporting the phenomenon of epigenesis which is the control of genetic expression through correlation of both environmental and genetic factors (Broderick Blewitt, 2010). One study by Caspi, McClay, Moffitt, Mill, Martin, Craig, et. al. (2002) conducted to find out how different MAOA alleles, which release the enzymes controlling production of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, affect childrens susceptibility to the negative effects of abusive environments in the early years of life. The researchers found that in individuals that had experienced early child abuse, there was a link between the low MAOA allele and aggression. Likewise, in individuals that had not experienced abuse as a child, there was no correlation between the production of MAOA and aggression. Reiss and Neiderhiser (2000) discussed how some irritable children appear to inherit some qualities such as irritability from their parents which evokes a hostile environment from those around them only reinforcing their irritable tendencies. They further discussed how these tendencies may be off set by environmental circumstances that do not sustain their irritable behavior. Results such as those provided by this research along with many others shed light upon one of the many possibilities unlocked by the further research of the nature and nurture controversy. Conclusion The nature versus nurture controversy has been strongly debated within the discipline of developmental psychology for many years. This manuscript cited many studies which have given evidence to the degree of influence both nature and nurture has on the neural, cognitive, and emotional development of an individual. From the results of these studies, it is easy to see that development is impacted by both nature and nurture in their own unique ways. Studies have even shown that it may be possible to off set certain deficiencies in genetics with environmental aspects or vice versa. The results of these studies provide important insight into the behavior of an individual, how they may have developed that way, and how that particular form of development may be reversed or avoided in others. There is no doubt that as the depth of research into the nature versus nurture controversy grows those within the psychological community, as well as numerous other disciplines, will be able to assist a larger number of individuals with developmental problems with increasing levels of accuracy.

Test Of Courage :: essays research papers

Test of Courage On the night of September 30th 1999, I was about to begin what would seem to be the longest night of my life. Weeks of physical, mental, and emotional training would climax and end after this final test. A test of endurance, teamwork, mental focus, and most of all courage was about to begin. Thoughts raced through my head as I anxiously prepared myself. Will I remember everything I have been trained? Will my shipmates let me down? Some had dreaded this night for weeks; others awaited its arrival like children on Christmas morning. I had a mixture of feelings, as I was about to begin what the Navy calls Battle Stations. Battle Stations is a fourteen-hour test of everything that had been taught in the previous thirteen weeks of boot camp. The most difficult part of Battle Stations is dealing with the sleep depravation accumulated over the previous weeks. We were allowed two hours of sleep before the challenge that would "make or break" us. I can remember the dark barracks, lit only by red lights representing emergency procedures in a ship setting. The room seemed to have a very still, quiet feel like a storm was creeping near. My bunkmate Johnson and I polished our boots as we agreed that neither of us would sleep for the two hours we are given. Johnson and I had developed a close friendship over time and we motivated each other in every obstacle we faced. He was slightly taller than I, had a stalky frame and spoke with a thick East Coast accent that I often humorously imitated. I laid in my bunk focusing on my body, and what will be expected from it tonight. By that time, I had been awake for several hours and lack of food caused fatigue to set in. Piercing alarm sirens and bright flashing lights interrupted my concentration; our excitingly eventful night had just begun. Within seven minutes my entire division was in full gear with tight seals on our gas masks and standing at attention in front of our bunks. Then something unexpected happened. A team of Ex-Navy Seal's rushed into the barracks like a stampede of wild horses. Their presence motivated us all as we began chanting Navy songs. Before I knew it we were barreling down the stairs of the barracks, or "Ship" as it is called in the Navy.

Working in the Shadows Ch 4

Justin Falcone October 19,2012 Homework # 5 Chapter # 4 Journal In reading chapter 4 in working in the shadows we have seen that Gabriele is on his last week of training. Gabriele is giving the job to cut the four rows of lettuce that are in the path of the machine where the lettuce is stored in the boxes. Gabriele is realizing that 4 rows is a lot and his has to get them done. In this chapter you as the reader really realize all the courage, ambition and strength that Gabriel has. Gabriele has started cutting the lettuce the first day Gabriele couldn’t cut 25 heads before having to stand straight up and relax and stretch his back.Gabriele stayed strong and kept up with his cutting and as the days went up Gabriele has cut thousands of lettuce and was on his way to finish up his rows. In this chapter it tells us that Gabriele starts working with the rest of the group and tells us all the struggles that Gabriel is going threw. Between the aches and pains and the soreness, Gabrie l needs to stay strong, it really allows us as the reader to wonder how hard these immigrants are working. As Gabriele goes on with his workdays no matter how hard he is working he is getting yelled out to work harder even though he believes that he is keeping up with the rest of the workers.Something that caught my eye that I feel this chapter was manly about was the immigrant worker towards the American workers in the United States. On a Sunday morning Gabriel went to visit Mateo, and the comments Mateo where making for me as an American worker in the United States take it personal. Basically trying to say that Mexican and immigrant workers work much harder where they work in there country, and that us Americans only sit in offices and work on computers all day.Something that was left out in this chapter could have answered these comments for me and for Mateo that we as Americans work harder then these immigrants think we do. Gabriele could have given stories or even experiences h e had with working to back up us Americans. At least explain that the reason why immigrants get into the United States and take the labor jobs from many American workers is because immigrants allow the low pay and the extra hours of work, because it isn’t anything new for them.As seen in lettuce picking with the extra hours and the low pay, these immigrants don’t have a choice they need to take these jobs. Towards the end of the chapter Gabriele is explaining how hard this job is for him, one of the hardest and Gabriel has taking 2 days off to relax his body. This job I making Gabriele dream about it that how much he thinks about it and worries about going to work every day. After all in my eyes Gabriel realizes that this job is putting a number to him, but he will not quite, he will work threw pain and suffer no matter what.

Collection Development Policy

Collection Development Policy Executive Summary The paper evaluates Collection Development Policy and its overall benefits to libraries. It starts by introduction and the meaning of Collection Development Policy, its components and benefits. Then there is explanation on the general requirements for successful implementation CDP. Finally there is review and evaluation of the existing stock within the library and conclusion.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Collection Development Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction All libraries have got one primary task of making information available through collection, selection and preservation. Such process is normally made easier through application of relevant policies such as Collection Development policy. The policy assists libraries in organization through effective management of information and other resources (Strong, 1999). Definition of Collection Development Policy A collection devel opment policy presents a written statement of a library’s intention for building collections. The CDP describes collections components including strengths and weaknesses as well as providing clear guidelines for the library employees. The development of the document requires time and careful considerations for the purposes of proving its relevance to the subject. Purpose of CDP The main purpose for a library in normally to sort and provide necessary access to relevant information and resources. Improvement in technology has guaranteed libraries the chance to migrate from holdings method to access strategies which enable information to be provided efficiently and in time. Collection policies are on the increase therefore making libraries prepare in disseminating widely available information (Strong, 1999). Explanation on Collection Development Policy (CDP) The document is expected to provide updated information as well as being flexible when it comes to adapting to various cha nges. At the same time the guidelines provided should be modifiable in line with the library’s collection needs. Consequently, the collection development policy should be placed on the World Wide Web as a resource for the library’s patrons and source of reference for other libraries (Johnson, 1994). Policy statements normally provide parameters through which employees and users of the library work. Collection Development Policy serves purposes such as; selecting materials, describing current collections, and at the same time makes the staff aware of the aims and objectives of the organization. In addition it gives the various priorities attached to different activities and assists in the processing of budget and overall collection management activities. In general terms CDP prevents the library from being controlled by events as well as individual interests. The document also controls the purchase of resources preventing the cases of obtaining resources not in support of the library’s mission (Clayton and Gorman, 2006).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Components of a CDP The collection development policy provides the necessary guidance to staff in the process of selecting and deselecting resources for collection. The various processes involved include; acquisition, housing, weeding, retention and archiving, placing all manner of material within their relevant subjects. Such organization helps in reducing the level of bias since all individual selection decisions are guided within the context of the objectives of collection practices. This ultimately assists in identifying and filling the gaps within the responsibilities associated with collection development. Such practices ensure existence of consistency in the process of selection and revision done on materials. Collection Development Policy also helps in defining the purpose and scope of various collections as well as allowing deep evaluation on selection decisions. The guidelines provided makes it easier for the training of new staff and at the same time provides answers to most questions raised by selectors (Johnson, 1994). The collection development policy also provides relevant base necessary for future planning. This assists in planning of the available financial resources making it easier when it comes to priority determination. There is provision for protecting library funds since the policy grants clear guidelines on acquisition bids based on fair allocation of resources. The document in its formal presentation ensures continuity hence of great benefit in acquiring knowledge on collection as well as acting as reminder of library goals and objectives. The defined objectives are helpful in guiding other activities related to collection such as cataloguing, selection and de-selection and other relevant delivery activities (Johnson, 1994). T he other benefit of CDP is that it offers the required public relations amongst the library users, administrators and related funding organizations. The document gives clear objectives indicating the position of the organization on demonstrating accountability and following the stated goals. Relevance of the document is determined by active participation of users and administrators which acts as source of strong relations between library users and the employees. The CDP serves as a contract document between the library and its users and at the same time giving clear functions of the library in terms of collections and various services offered to institutions. It makes it easier for the justification of individual selection based on standard objectives and also makes it possible to reject unwanted materials (Johnson, 1994). Benefits of establishing a written CDP for the Limerick Institute of Technology Library Limerick Institute of Technology Library policy document would identify va rious issues such as the level of access, content, and engagement of the community in which it will be established, also important is the education standards as well as the training programs which assists in achieving the mission and vision. Operating under the strategies of Limerick Institute Library requires specific initiatives for collection development, some of which are explained as below (Shenton, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Collection Development Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The CDP will consider increase in the virtual space and easy access to the collections either manually or electronically on a twenty-four hour basis six days a week. This would also entail access to other materials such as Library catalogues and other services. There would be issues on subscription to several relevant electronic databases which would make it easier for clients to access services irrespective of the region where they are stationed free of charge. Creation of more materials through digital processing would be given priority and these would entail cultural materials inform of music, manuscripts as well as pictures. The community would be engaged in online exhibitions and at the same time staff being educated and trained on the rural and remote communities, granting them the opportunity to have the skills required in operation of the internet and usage of online library resources (Shenton, 2005). The library would offer sufficient space for readers making it capable of accommodating many people in one sitting. There would be improved access to collections and exhibition galleries. The project would grant the community the opportunity to access virtual library services with clients capable of adjusting available spaces to suite their needs. The internet services would replace paper-based resources making work and accessibility easier. The method implemented on electronic storage o f information would present various key benefits to Limerick Library some of which include; easier and timely delivery of information enabling clients to access information irrespective of their locations. There would be free access to all Limerick Library catalogues through their website making selection of titles easier to clients. Collection Development Policy would also enable digitisation of heritage resources which enables scanning of various materials such as photographs and maps. This would promote access to wider range of materials which previously proved restrictive. The digitisation also enhances the library’s role in collecting, preserving and access to several materials linked to heritage (Tedd and Large, 2005). However some few challenges are involved which include the right to ownership and access to materials. The problem of digital resources being accessed by anyone from all over the world provided they have authentic entry through database provider. The proc ess of archiving presents some considerable challenge where the relative costs of archive and print versions differ (Tedd and Large, 2005). Requirements for implementation and revision of the CDP The first requirement for the implementation of the CDP is the library’s mission statement, the purpose for which the policy is drafted and the audience it should address. Some of the inclusions the document requires are statements on user groups, types of programs served by the CDP, the nature and size of the collection and detailed budget. The various cooperative agreements on policy and practices are also provided for (Dahl et al, 2006).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More General and Narrative Statements General statements would be required for implementation purposes. This comprises the listing of all characteristics which determine the nature of development required for the collection. These include such issues as current situation, acquisitions, the kind of resources involved in form of periodicals, monographs and the like, kind of language applicable, format whether in printed or electronic form, sources of funds, the various policies safeguarding collection and maintenance. Within these important subjects on relevant policies and rights of complaints are all necessary for complete implementation purposes (Evans and Saponaro, 2005). Narrative statements are also important since it helps in defining the library services in relation to the community it serves. The statement should provide for languages and regions as well as intellectual coverage based on chronological order. Also the library units responsible for the collections with the subjects being described based on the library classification scheme is a consideration. And finally the relationship between disciplines and the required policies should be followed for the purposes of acquiring information (Evans and Saponaro, 2005). Subject Profiles Subject profiles are necessary for the purposes of revealing and helping in collection evaluation. This proves important in the process of periodic updating of information reflecting on changing times. The overview of collection strength and intensities is very vital before implementation process. The overview represents the general synopsis on the network’s coordinated collection policy. Such a collection is normally referred to as conspectus report which provdes evaluation on the library’s division, categories and subject. The information is useful in managing library resources hence making it possible to ascertain on relevant decisions required for the general operations of the library (Clayton and Gorman, 2006 ). Review and evaluation of existing stock The library consists of printed books, manuscripts as well as archives of lasting value, antiquarian and modern books for intellectual and historical contents. The existing collection strength include availability of resources such as; History and Literary collections in Irish and other languages, Irish Literature, Celtic studies, Medieval studies, Religion in Ireland, Estate papers, Official Publications, Intellectual history of University College, Law and Comical artefacts. The section on Special Collections and Archives involves collections in different formats which includes; printed materials, manuscripts, facsimile formats, maps, photographs, musical scores as well as microfilm. There are also copies of theses written from higher degree courses which include maters and PhDs fro Limerick Institute of Technology College (Tedd and Large, 2005). All important records generated by Limerick Institute of Technology and which more so relates to the history of the institution are organized and preserved by the institute Archives. All the donations and other internal transfers are generally controlled by agreements as well as necessary transfer procedures. Relevance of overall Special Collections is reviewed for validity purposes (Tedd and Large, 2005). Conclusion The collection methods and techniques are required to ascertain on the depth and strength of the existing collections. The useful techniques required for implementation of CDP are either collection-centered or client-centered. The work of the collection-centered is to assist in examining the content and nature of resources and their information for the purpose of determining their relevance with external standards. On the other hand client centered techniques provides detailed descriptions on the collection’s effectiveness and relevance. The combination of the two techniques during implementation alongside quantitative and qualitative data gathering techn iques provides accurate and reliable results for present and future use. Reference List Clayton, P. Gorman, G.E. 2006. Managing information resources in libraries:  Collection management in theory and practice. London; Library Association Publishing. Dahl, M., Banerjee, K Spalti, M. 2006. Digital libraries: integrating content and  Systems. Oxford: Chandos Publishing Ltd. Evans, G. E. Saponaro, M. Z. 2005. Developing library and information centre  Collections (5th Ed.) Littleton, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited. Johnson, P. 1994. Writing Collection Development Policy statements: Getting Started. Technicalities, 14 (6), pp 2-5. Shenton, A. K. 2005. Integration of paper and electronic Resources in school Libraries. The School Librarian, 53 (3), pp 121-123. Strong, R. 1999. A Collection Development Policy incorporating electronic formats.  Journal of interlibrary loan, document delivery information supply, 9(4), pp 53-64. Tedd, L.A. Large, A. 2005. Digital libraries: princi ples and practice in a global  Environment. Munich: Saur Essential Resource Pack Readings

By Comparing Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass, consider George Eliots presentation of fatherhood in Silas Marner Essays

By Comparing Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass, consider George Eliots presentation of fatherhood in Silas Marner Essays By Comparing Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass, consider George Eliots presentation of fatherhood in Silas Marner Paper By Comparing Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass, consider George Eliots presentation of fatherhood in Silas Marner Paper Essay Topic: Literature There are many similarities between Silas Marner and George Eliots own life. Both she and Marner discovered happiness again when they were middle aged; Marner was given Eppie and found love and trust once more through her. Just like Eliot found love with Lewes. Silas Marner was written in the Victorian era a time where class was a very big factor in life lower classes were not supposed to stand up to the upper classes. However at the end of the book Marner stands up to Godfrey Cass and speaks his mind. Eliot in relation to fatherhood believed in the remedial influence of pure, natural human relations, Godfrey Cass is the absolute contrast to this idea unlike Marner who loves Eppie with all his heart even though she is not his own child. Also like Marner Eliot was not accepted into the community as she lived with a married man but once she moved out of his home and got married she was accepted again, Marner made his way back into the community by Eppie. Moreover Charles Darwins discoveries of the evolution of man affected the way Eliot wrote the book as Darwin was one of the first people who questioned God; this is reflected in the book when Marner turned his back on God. George Eliot uses Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass as symbols to air current views at that time. By using Marner and Godfrey Cass she can openly express her views of fatherhood as a reflection of duty, by writing this book it is one of the only ways she can express herself, as she was a women. Being a woman in the late 1800s and early 1900s meant that you were thought of as being lesser and only needed for producing and raising an heir. Eliot uses two different spectrums of fatherhood; there is Silas Marner who is the adoptive father of Eppie however he loves her more than anything in his life my precious child. He brings her up as a model child. In contrast there is Godfrey Cass, who is the paternal father of Eppie, but he passes at the chance to look after her and to be a proper father when Molly Farren dies. He does this because he is afraid that Nancy Lammeter would not marry him also he feels that a child would be a burden to his lifestyle. He is an example of a father who only wants the child when it suits himself: thus making the reader question whether he is fit enough to be a father and even the morality of his character. Eliot firsts presents Silas Marner as being a person that likes routine, his daily routine present hardly any change he wants everything to be the same. He does this because of the wrong doing that was done against him before he came to Raveloe he was tricked and betrayed, therefore if he now he keeps everything the same no one can come in and trick him again. Eliot also wanted our first impressions of Silas Marner being a sort of recluse, he didnt mix with the community he sought no man or women moreover did not have a normal job. It that time in the rural villages most people were farmers- so a weaver was something out of the ordinary. Marner doesnt like to open his door to anyone he invited no comer to step across his door-sill. This is because his most trusted and cherished friend, William Dane, who was faultless, betrayed him, before this Marner would have done anything for him. We learn a little bit later of his love of the money that he has earned over the years. The money has taken over his life, work sixteen hours a day I do not think it is greed but is something stable that he thought could not be taken away from him he also views it as his only friend, he drew them out to enjoy their companionship. At this point it seems to the reader that Silas Marner would prefer the company of his money then friends. However we do have to remember how he was deceived and how everything he knew was taken from him. George Eliot makes us sympathise with Silas Marner as not only did he get his fiance finished their engagement and married best friend but also he was rejected out of the church by drawing lots. He did not do anything to deserve any of this. George Eliot decides to tell the reader about this before she tells us about Marner and his money. This is because we can see how Marner was prior to him having his life destroyed and before he became he curled into himself. Therefore the reader can understand why Marner is like he is in the rest of the book until Eppie is sent to him. Godfrey Cass is like Marner in as much as he is also a loner in some cases, he has his brother, Dunstan Cass, blackmailing him Youll get the hundred pounds for me Godfrey Cass is not strong enough to stand up to Dunsey. Moreover Godfrey Cass has married a woman from another village, Molly Farren, who is a drunken wife. The fact that Godfrey Cass is married it means that he cannot mix with or marry Nancy Lammeter. Being married to Molly Farren has excluded Godfrey Cass from the community in more ways than one; whenever he talks to people he always has a worry in the back of his mind that someone knows or is going to find out about his wife. Also because he actually never wanted to marry Molly Farren he does not have a loving relationship with her he would sooner die than acknowledge her as his wife. His brother tricked Godfrey Cass into marrying her and Dunstan is now using this against Godfrey Cass as Dunstan could tell their father I might get you turned out of house and home. Godfrey is well respected in the community a fine good-natured young man but they are worried that he will turn out like Dunsey a gambler. Eliot makes us sympathise with Godfrey Cass as well as Silas Marner, he did bring his misfortunes upon his self as Dunstan Cass may have tricked him into marrying Molly Farren but it was Godfrey was the one who said I do and signed the papers. He does get what he deserved from marrying Molly Farren and not owning up to the fact that Eppie is his daughter. When Godfrey Cass and his brother are talking in front of the fire Eliots tone is quite sarcastic when Dunstan is talking. Well, master Godfrey he has no respect for his older brother and knows that he can manipulate Godfrey into doing what he wants. Fireplaces make a room warm and cosy, but Godfrey Cass has his back to the fire like he does not want its warmth and does not want to really be in there with Dunstan. The Cass family is damaged they are missing a women around the house the squires wife had died Godfrey is missing love and care which he probably got from his mother, and it does not seem like his father has taken over the role of looking after his children properly. Silas Marner lets Eppie make her own decisions at the end of the book when Godfrey Cass comes to claim Eppie as his own Marner lets her decided where she whether to stay or go. Speak to the child. He knows he might loose her but still gives her a choice. Godfrey Cass although not actually looking after Eppie he still cared about her and I think is why he wanted her back at the end. When he first gave her up he was only thinking of himself however, when he lets Eppie stay with Marner he does it out of love and wanting her to be happy. Parents should also be able to talk with their child and understand their problems to try and help the child with them. Marner seems to care more about Eppie more then Cass snatch her up and cover her with half-sobbing kisses. Even though Eppie has just run away Marner does not shout at her but is only happy to see her. We do not know however, that this is the case as Godfrey Cass has never actually had the chance of bringing Eppie up and showing her his love, so one does not know whether he would act like this or not. Squire Cass does not hold many of the qualities that it takes to bring up a child. He just sees them as heirs to carry on his name and not as actual people, ill turn the pack of you out of the house together, and marry again. He doesnt realise that everyone makes mistakes and that a parent should forgive them. When Godfrey Cass and Squire Cass are talking in the breakfast room we do feel sorry for Godfrey as the Squire does not talk kindly to him youve been up to some trick, the Squire has no understanding of Godfrey as he just wants to know where his money has gone you let Dunsey have the money?. Eliot also makes the reader sympathize with Godfrey at this point as he seems so scared of his father sir Im very sorry I he speaks very slowly as he doesnt quite know how to say it, or it could be that he is not sure how his father will react and doesnt know whether he should tell him. The Cass house hold never seems very warm and family like the Red House was without wholesome love this is because Squires wife had died but the Squire should have taken up the responsi bility of keeping the home loving, he seems to have shut away his children like he doesnt know them properly. Dunstan (Godfrey Cass brother) steals Marners money near the beginning of the novel. Then another relative of Godfrey appears; Eppie, his daughter. Eppie is accepted by Marner which is ironic as this family are the ones bringing strife to his life. It is no surprise that Godfrey takes little responsibility for his child until the end of the book as we know as readers that his father offered him little love. Godfrey does not claim Eppie to be his he does still seem to love her a conflict of regret and joy Godfrey, in some ways does want to care about her, yet his own happiness is more important to him than his child. There is a complete contrast between Marners attitudes towards the child and Godfreys. Marner loves and accepts Eppie as his own while Godfrey does not even acknowledge her. Once again highlighting Eliots presentation of good fatherhood by Silas Marner, On the other hand in Marners early experiences with bringing Eppie up the reader can tell how much he loves and cares for her. Shell be my little un he wants Eppie to think of him as her father and not anyone else, I think he has missed being loved and trusted. Moreover unlike Godfrey Cass Marner is overjoyed when Eppie is sent to him and jumps at the chance to look after her. Marner does try to do the best for Eppie punishment was good for Eppie. This was when Eppie takes the scissors and cuts her own ribbon that is tying her to Silas Marners loom. Once Marner finds her gone he is frantic with worry looking with dying hope. Once Silas found her he was not angry with her but quite the opposite overcome with convulsive joy. He did put her into the coal hole once his worry had passed. This didnt work as Eppie thought it was a game and went into it again on her own accord Eppie in the toal-hole. I think that George Eliot chooses to keep Nancy and Godfrey Cass childless as it gives Godfrey his just deserts from abandoning Eppie when she was a baby and when he mother died, and Eliot kept Nancy childless as it mirrored her own life, Eliot did not have any children of her own but supported her partner Lewes when they were ill, Nancy does not look after anyone elses child but does support Godfrey Cass when he goes to claim Eppie. When Eppie chooses Marner over Godfrey Cass I think Eliot is being a moralist as she has left Eppie to stay with Marner because he has stood up to his betters and has already had his life ruined once before and without Eppie he would be nothing. Marner lets Eppie choose whether to go with Godfrey or not I dont think this is so much Eliot standing up for women here but Eliot wanting to show how strong Silas Marners love for Eppie is that if she wanted to go with Godfrey Cass then he would have let her. Todays world has changed immensely from when George Eliot wrote her book but she does still have a relevance to todays parenting. We now have far more adoptive parents who love their children so much sometimes more than the maternity parents. She also raises some valuable points about how to parent; its not how much money you have or what class your in but how much you care and love your child. The roles of the modern mother and father have changed there is not as much discipline or respect around for your parents in most cases. Even though Eppie did not see Godfrey Cass as her father he did come clean about it and try and make it up to her, but once she said she wanted to stay with Marner he was heartbroken but still let her go, which is the same thing that Marner did before letting her make her own decision; both Marner and Godfrey Cass recognised what is best for Eppie. So in conclusion I think we can learn a lot from parenting from not only George Eliot but her characters Godfrey Cass and Silas Marner.

Major Depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Major Depression - Essay Example Cuijpers, Pim et al. cite major depression as the leading cause of disability in the world (137). Whereas antidepressant medication effectively corrects the imbalance in neurotransmitters, it only suppresses symptoms but does not cure and also has a varied range of side effects. Psychotherapy is a safe and efficacious approach to correct maladaptive thinking and unsatisfying behavior but is less effective than medication. Problem Major depression risks not just the health but the lives of millions of people around the world. As observed by the National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, this disorder causes disability and even death if left untreated. A combination of environmental, biological and psychological factors contributes to the development of the disorder. Whatever specific cause could be linked to depression, Lam (12) observes that scientific research firmly considers major depression as a biological medical illness. There are three neurotransmitters associated with major de pression: dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine. A chemical imbalance in these neurotransmitters results in major depression. ... Illnesses such as cancer and heart disease and some forms of medications also trigger episodes of major depression. A majority of major depression episodes occur spontaneously and not as a result of being triggered by physical illness, life crises or other risks. Its onset could be mild thus not obvious. Major depression causes persistently irritable or bad mood (DeRubels, Slegle and Hollon 789). Patients exhibit pronounced changes in appetite, energy and sleep with their interest or pleasure in activities they enjoyed slowly fading away. It makes remembering, concentrating and thinking difficult. The persistent symptoms such as chronic pain, digestive disorders and headaches fail to respond to treatment. Moreover, major depression causes a feeling of emptiness, hopelessness, worthlessness and guilt and promotes recurrent death or suicide thoughts (Lam 10). These effects, especially when occurring at the same time and for longer periods, interfere with normal functioning. There is st rong evidence to link major depression to biological and environmental factors. The higher prevalence of the disorder among women than men could be attributed to the psychosocial, biological, hormonal and life cycle factors that affect women more than men (Cuijpers, Pim et al. 138). Furthermore, the impact of hormones on the brain to control mood and emotions clearly points towards the biological causes of the disorder. For instance, women would be more likely to develop major depression after birth. Additionally, women facing more stress at work and home would be exposed to the disorder more than men. The medical condition associated with old age explains the biological cause of major

Organisations and thier environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organisations and thier environment - Essay Example Mullins (2005) contends that organisations comprise 'people, objectives, structures' and 'management'. External: These are the factors which on which an organisation may not be able to exert much of its control. These include, the legal and political scene prevailing within the state/ country of its operations, number and types of competitors, suppliers in the market, terms and conditions from financial institutions, alternative products available in the market, newer technological innovations etc. Worthington (2006) places greater importance on political developments occurring at different levels - local, national and international. Organisations resort to strategic planning to take care of these factors and. Organisations learn a lot from there environment and prevailing circumstances. But the strategic intent alone cannot be planned all in advance. It has to be a continuous evolutionary process depending upon the experiences. Henry Ford said, "Failure is the opportunity to begin again more intelligently"1 Environment Analysis: It involves studying and analyzing the surroundings to identify the competitors, the threats and opportunities. Maslow's hierarchy of needs argued that the driving force for human actions is the urge for satisfaction of one or the other need. These needs go on changing depending upon a number of factors. In fact the needs of consumer/ customer and those of the organization are inter-linked because organization too is an active component, so needs of the organization too keep changing. Similarly changing needs of the customer must drive an urge for change in the organization for it to succeed in the long run. Environment changes with; The form of government i.e. whether democratic, parliamentary or not. The market forces depend a lot on the form of government. Frequency of elections and leaning of the political party coming to power. Existing trade facilitations/ barriers amongst the partner countries. For example EU is composed of 27 member states, which help businesses to prosper within the region. In addition regional trade associations like NAFTA, SAFTA etc also lessen the trade barriers and prove to be helpful in preparing strategies for the organisation. Government's economic policies, taxation rates, rates of interests, currency convertibility, competition policy, employment policy, environment protection policies etc. PESTEL analysis provides an important tool to take a comprehensive look at the external environment affecting an organisation. PESTEL determines the factors like Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal. Organisations are supposed to devise their strategies on the basis of this analysis. Environment analysis involves market analysis as well. In fact environment analysis tends to be unique to the strategists, because what may appear to be an opportunity to one organization may